雅思词汇积累：游泳项目词汇表

游泳比赛是一个集竞技游泳、跳水、花样游泳和水球为一体的大型项目。接下来，我们就来看看游泳比赛中遇到的各种名词英文怎么说。

游泳

游泳：swimming; natation
游程：course
短池比赛：short-course meet
短距离比赛：sprint; dash
中距离游泳：middle-distance swimming
长距离游泳：(long-)distance swimming
超长距离[马拉松式]游泳：ultradistance [marathon] swimming
渡峡游泳：channel swimming
冬泳：winter swimming

项目

游泳姿势：swimming stroke
爬泳：crawl（stroke)
美国式爬泳（六次打腿）：American crawl
澳大利亚式爬泳（两次打腿）：Australian [two-beat] crawl
自由泳：freestyle; free stroke
仰［背］泳：backstroke；back crawl
蛙泳：breaststroke
高航式蛙泳：high sail breaststroke
波浪式蛙泳：wave breaststroke
蝶泳：butterfly
海豚泳：dolphin
混合泳：medley stroke
个人混合泳：individual medley
接力游泳：relay
自由泳接力：freestyle relay
混合泳接力：medley relay
接力中的交接：relay change; take-over
侧泳：sidestroke
单臂出水侧游：northern stroke; overarm sidestroke
潜水运动：underwater sports
潜水：（skin) diving; underwater swimming
屏气潜泳：holding-breath diving; diving with bated breath
蹼泳：fin swimming
器泳：scuba swimming

人员

游泳运动员：swimmer
短距离游泳运动员：sprinter; dash man；dasher
长距离游泳运动员：distance swimmer
蝶泳运动员：butterfly swimmer; flyer
个人混合泳运动员：individual medleyist
全面的游泳运动员：all-round swimmer
潜水运动员：（skin）diver
蹼泳运动员：fin-swimmer
冬泳者：winter swimmer; polar bear
姿势裁判员：stroke judge
转身裁判员：turning judge
终点裁判员：finishing [placing] judge
记趟裁判员：lap counter
游程计算员：clerk of course
救生员：lifeguard; lifesaver; Rescuer

规则与裁判

分组赛：heat
出发信号：starting signal
各就位：Take your marks!
出发犯规：false [illegal] start
过早出发：beat the gun
重游：re-swim
回表：Clear watches.
转身犯规：illegal turn
趟：lap
分段：segment
成绩(以时间计算）：time
分段成绩：split [lap] time
中间成绩：intermediate time
水温：water temperature

开始动作

出发姿势：starting position
立定出发：stationary start
抓台式出发：grab start
出发时的蹬腿：takeoff kick
出发跳水：starting dive [plunge]
跳入水中：take [plunge into] the water
入水浅的跳水：shallow［flat; surface] dive

 

转身动作

触池壁：touch
蹬壁：pushoff
转身：turn
水平转身：horizontal turn；feathering
平转身（仰泳）：pivot turn
侧[拉边]转身：lateral turn; tumble-turn
滚翻：flip over
滚翻转身：flip-turn; somersault turn
半滚翻转身：semi-flip turn

手臂动作

臂部动作：arm movement
划水[臂]：（arm）pull; stroke; paddle
劈水动作（蛙泳）：wedge action
划水动作效率：stroke efficiency
划水动作错误：stroke defect
划水幅度：distance per stroke
划水周期：arm cycle
划臂动作的力学原理：stroke mechanics
手入水：hand entry
入水臂：leading arm
手入水过深：digging
手伸得过远：overreaching
抱［抓］水：catch; grip; purchase
搅动水面：churn the surface
长划臂：long arm pull

直臂划水：straight arm stroke
屈臂划水：bent arm [elbow] pull
沉肘划水：dropped elbow pull
高提肘划水：over the barrel
向下压水：downward press
连续划臂动作：continuous strokes
反复划水：repeat pulls
快频率动作：racing stroke
两臂同时划水：double overarm
两臂交替划水：alternate arm [hand-over-hand] stroke
双臂仰泳：double overarm back-stroke
手臂交叉动作：scything arm action
鱼鳍式划水（仰卧并腿，两手身旁上下打水）：finning
前交叉（一臂等待另一臂）：catch-up stroke
特拉金式爬泳（两臂轮换出水，两腿剪水，单侧呼吸：trudge(o)n
曲线动作：circular motion
曲线摆动：circular swinging motion; circular wind-up
直线划水路线：straight through pull
半直线划水路线：modified straight line pull
钥匙洞形划水路线：keyhole pull
反问号形划水路线：inverted question mark pull
漏斗形划水路线：hourglass pull
双“S”形划水路线（蝶泳）：double "S" pull
锯齿形[小“S”形］划水路线：zigzag pull
手臂出水：overarm；overhand
移臂：recovery of the arm
加快移臂或收腿动作：rushed recovery
两臂或两腿分开的距离：spread
手腿配合：arm-leg relationship

腿部动作

打［踢］水：kick
交替打腿：alternate［flutter] kick
交叉打腿：crossover kick
鱼尾式打腿：fishtail kick
剪式打腿：scissors kick
反剪式打腿：reverse scissors kick
快速打腿：sprinting kick
向上打腿：upbeat
向下打腿：downbeat
两次打腿：two-beat kick
两次交叉打水：two-beat crossover kick

直上直下打腿：kick up and down
直上直下两次打腿：straight two-beat kick
反复打腿：repeat kicks
划水一周的打腿次数：beats per stroke
仰泳打腿：back crawl kick
海豚式打腿：dolphin kick
蹬腿［水］：leg drive [push]
蛙泳蹬腿：breaststroke [frog；thrust] kick
蹬腿宽度：width of kick
窄蹬腿：narrow [whip] kick
宽蹬腿：wedge kick
向后蹬：kick backward
斜向蹬腿：diagonal thrust
两侧蹬腿：lateral thrust
两腿交替蹬水：bicycle pedaling
收腿：recovery of the leg
踩水：treading water

身体位置

身体中线：center[medium」line of the body
躯干位置：trunk position
身体平衡：body balance
浮力：buoyancy
浮出水面：surface
浮在水面：keep afloat
浸入水中：submerge
下沉：drop; sink
水面线（蛙泳中头的位置）：waterline
俯卧姿势：face down; prone position
仰卧姿势：back floating position
俯卧漂游姿势：prone float
流线型姿势：streamlined position
低头：drop the head
弓背[身] ：arch the back
时起时伏（在水中）：ducking; undulation
滑行：glide

呼吸

呼吸：breathe; respire
呼气：breathe out; exhale
吸气：breathe in; inhale
闭[屏]气：hold one's breath
换气：change breath
呼吸控制：breath control
呼吸率：breathing rate
抬头（呼吸时）：lift the head
早呼吸法：early breathing
晚吸气：late[delayed] breathing
正常呼吸法：normal breathing
有节奏的呼吸：rhythmical breathing
深呼吸：deep breathing
浅呼吸：shallow breathing
均匀呼吸：regular [even] breathing
爆发式吸气：explosive breathing
侧面呼吸：side breathing
两侧呼吸法：bilateral breathing
呼吸侧：breathing side
呼吸侧手臂：breathing arm
非呼吸侧：non-breathing side
非呼吸侧手臂：non-breathing arm
两次划臂呼吸法：two-stroke breathing
四次划臂呼吸法：four-stroke breathing
喘气：gasp; pant; out of breath
呼吸急促：broken winded
憋气：labored breathing
呼吸困难：respiratory difficulty

训练

入水前准备活动：pre-water exercise
水上准备活动：warm-up swimming
分段游：splits；broken swim
分段游组：broken set
年龄分组游泳：age-group swimming
短于主项距离的游泳：under-distance swimming
超主项距离的游泳：over-distance swimming
陆上练习：land drill [practice]

加速游：pick-up
等速游：even-pace swimming
中速游：moderate effort swimming
慢速长游：long easy swimming
变速游练习：alternating slow-fast set
速度忽高忽低：speed fluctuation
任意变速游：speed play; fartlek
后半程加速游：negative split
时停时进游：stop-and-go swimming
俯仰交替游：spinning swim
带游；速度诱导：pacemaking; pacesetting
反复游：repeat swim
等速反复游：straight set of repeats
减距反复游：decreasing-distance repeats
逐个加快反复游组：progressive sets
综合反复游组：mixed set of repeats
逐个减慢反复游组：regressive set
逐个加快和逐个减慢交替游组：alternating progressive-regressive set
耐力游：endurance swimming
强度游：effort swim
放松游：easy [loosening-down] swim
恢复性游：wake-up swim
循环游法：circle swimming pattern
梯形游：locomotive; pyramid
阶梯增进：staircase
冲刺练习：sprint work
训练呼吸的冲刺：wind sprint
间歇训练：interval training
快游间歇训练：fast interval training
慢游间歇训练：slow interval training
全力计时游：all-out time trial
游量：swimming load
水的压力：water pressure
迎面阻力：frontal［head-on］resistance
身后旋涡阻力：eddy resistance; tail suction
水感：feel of the water

救生

救护站：lifesaving station
救生对象（指溺者）：subject
拖带（溺者）：carry
胸前拖带：cross-chest carry
扣颈拖带：neck carry
托头拖带：head carry
托下颏拖带：chin carry
抓发拖带：hair carry
人工呼吸：artificial respiration; rescue breathing
嘴对嘴人工呼吸：mouth-to-mouth resuscitation
救活：resuscitate

 

场地与器材

游泳池：(swimming) pool；bath; tank
短池：short course
室内游泳馆：indoor pool; natatorium
露天游泳池：open-air swimming pool
有看台的游泳场：swimming stadium
深水池： deep pool; swimmers' pool
浅水池：non-swimmers' pool
儿童池：wading pool
泳道：lane
分道线：lane [course］rope
池端：end wall
深端：deep end
浅端：shallow end
出发池端：starting edge
出发台：starting block [platform]
出发握手器：starting bar [grip]
终点池端：finish end
池端目标标志线：target line
转身标志线：turn indicator
触板：touch board [panel]
电子计时触板：electronic timing pad
长的一边：length side
扶手：handrail
池边地面：deck
池缘：curb; deck edge
水槽：gutter
逆泳槽：swimmer's treadmill
池底：floor; bottom
池底标志线：bottom line
浮标：buoy; float
浮具：buoying device
水下观察窗：underwater viewing window
水下影片：underwater movie
氯化器：chlorinator
游泳衣：swimsuit; swimming suit
游泳裤：trunks; bathing slips
套身游泳服：full-body swimwear
“鳖鱼皮”游泳服：Fastskin swimsuit
游泳帽：swim cap
浴衣：bathing suit; bath-wrap; gown
游泳护目镜：swim goggles
脚蹼：fins; flippers
手蹼：webbed gloves
潜水面罩：face plate
潜水护目镜：lunettes
护鼻塞：nose guard
潜泳面罩：diving [face] mask
通气［呼吸］管：snorkel
潜水呼吸器；水肺：aqualung
自携式水下呼吸器：scuba（self-contained underwater breathing apparatus）
套口：aqualung mouthpiece; snorkel tube
打水板：flutter[kick」board
水板：paddle
救生圈：life buoy
救生衣：life jacket