5月15日托福考试口语&写作都命中，其中口语全部命中

【对话】

Conversation1:

学术类对话。讲昆虫大小对繁殖的影响。

Conversation2:

生活类对话。一个学生想加入学校的划船队。

【讲座】

Lecture1:

讲一个埃及的传说，体现法老地位的下降。

Lecture2:

地质学讲座。讲板块分层。

Lecture3:

艺术史讲座。讲一个古代雕塑的特点。

1.讲bison数量减少和土著人的关系

2.讲地球气候变化和地球绕太阳公转、火山喷发二氧化硫的关系，以及通过冰的特点来测地质时间

3.birds如何选择habitat

4.asphalt pavement

Task1:   

Some people think that, when moving to a new country, they should adapt to the cultural habits and traditions of the new country. Other people prefer to keep their original habits and traditions. Which do you think is better？是否需要r入乡随俗？

Task 2

学生提议学校 ban sleeping in the library。男生反对。首先在图书馆里找到一个 table sit down and study是一件很容易的事情，虽然椅子可能不如沙发舒服，但也凑合。所以如果学生们想学习的话，是有位置的。第二男生不认为这样会给来学校参观的 visitor 留下坏印象，因为他来这个学校之前参加过一个 campus tour，tour guide 带他们来到图书馆并且看到了在这里睡觉的学生，但这并没有 bother 到他们。事实上之后大家都在讨论这些学生是多么的用功，尽管他们已经很累了，但也没有放弃学习。大家都明白这些学生只是想睡一觉休息一下，所以才能继续学习。

Task 3阅读defensive pessimism

open source development，意思是有些公司会让竞争公司 access and modify their designs。例子说的是一个公司卖 electric cars，但最开始卖的不好，因为车造价贵而且性能不佳。在当时又轻电量又足的电池不存在，所以公司花了巨款设计电池，因此车的性能不行而且贵。于是这个公司让别的公司可以看自己的 design，这个事很好因为别的公司对提升电池这块有很好的建议，之后大家都用改良后的电池，最后因为车的性能也变好了，还便宜了，这些公司卖了更多的电车。

Task 4

T4 讲的是 thermoregulation 的两个好处 in plants。一个是prevent certain damage to plants' cells. 例子是skunk cabbage在早春还很冷的时候就发芽，别的花花草草冻死了，但它可以保持叶子什么的温暖而活下来，它们产生的热量甚至可以融化周边的冰。第二个是帮助植物 reproduce。例子是lotus flower。他们可以通过保持温暖来吸引 insects。当外面很冷的时候，虫子会找到这个花并且落上去，这样以来他们可以 get warm，并且身上会沾满 nectar，然后把这些花粉传到别的 lotus plants 上去。

【综合写作】

阅读：genetically modified crops的三个好处 

1. 对环境好，因为用杀虫剂会变少 

2. 对农民好，因为谷物产量更大 

3. 有助于人们的身体健康，因为可以给谷物改基因让他们包含人类所需的营养如维他命A

听力：反驳 

1. 对环境不好，因为这些gm plants的基因会被转移到wild plants，让他们对predator更resistant，然后grow out of control 

2. 农民会需要花更多钱每年买gm seeds 

3. 改变大米基因以增加的维他命A含量有限，还不如让人改变diet多吃水果蔬菜

【学术讨论】重复2023年12月20日，命中新航道杭州学校《2023托福写作学术讨论真题集》P71

Your professor is teaching a class on sociology. Write a post responding to the professor's question.

In your response, you should do the following.

- Express and support your opinion.

- Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.

An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

Doctor Achebe

As countries work to reduce emissions and protect the environment, many governments are encouraging the adoption of electric vehicles through new policies. This week we will discuss ideas for policies that could promote electric vehicle usage. In your post, I would like you to address this question: What policies should the government implement to promote electric vehicles for environmental protection?

Claire

More charging stations are key to getting people to buy electric cars. It's frustrating when you can't charge your car. The government should offer big tax credits to businesses to build charging stations. If charging spots are everywhere, range anxiety will go away and electric car sales will take off. We need that to help the Earth.

Paul

The government needs to create entire highways just for electric cars. These special roads could have charging stations along the way so range anxiety disappears. Exclusive electric highways would show electric cars are the transportation of the future. We'd see tons more Teslas on the road helping clear the air.