2019年11月16日
雅思大作文题目
对孩子的成长，家庭内外的影响哪个更大？
The family has a great influence on children’s development, but the influence from outside of the home plays a bigger part in children’s life. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
解析&审题
本题与2013年6月15日的雅思考题是部分重合的，2013年6月15日要求比较家庭和媒体对孩子成长的影响，而本次没有限定为媒体，而是更为广泛，要求比较家庭内和家庭外对孩子成长的影响。
本文审题的核心是要比较家庭内和家庭外对孩子成长的影响。题目中明确提出的观点之一是“家庭外的影响更大”（bigger），而不是简单的“有人认为家庭对孩子成长有影响，其他人认为家庭外对孩子成长也有影响”。考生必须对这个“bigger”作出回应。我们无非可以采取如下几种回应策略：
1. 同意题目观点：家庭内外对孩子成长都产生影响，但家庭外对孩子成长影响更大。
2. 不同意题目观点：家庭内外对孩子成长都产生影响，但不能说家庭外的影响更大。
3. 辩证同意题目观点：家庭内外对孩子成长都产生影响，在某些问题上家庭内的影响大，但在另外一些问题上家庭外的影响更大。
本文采取第三种写作策略，认为在培养孩子积极情感方面，家庭内作用更大，但在培养孩子学习和社会交往能力方面，家庭外的作用更大。
以下请看老师的高分范文。
老师笔记
01
The emotional and social development of young children has a direct effect on their future overall development. At different stages in their life, children's development is under the influence of the family members at home as well as teachers, friends, and other factors outside of the home. 小孩子的情感和与人交往的发展直接影响着他们未来的全面发展。在生命的不同阶段，孩子的发展受到家庭成员以及家庭以外的老师、朋友等因素影响。
解析
（1） 本段引出话题并提出观点：不同阶段，孩子都受到来自家庭和家庭之外的影响。
（2） Overall 整体的
（3） Outside of the home 家庭之外
02
Family certainly plays a crucial role in children’s development, as family members are the first people that young children have regular contact with. Ensuring that children in the early years have their basic needs met can help them establish secure attachments, which is the cornerstone of their emotional development. Moreover, we will know how important a loving, nurturing home is to children by noting that many young law-breakers are from broken families. An emotionally deficient child may easily be led astray and get involved in antisocial crimes. At the same time, he/she will also find it hard to build healthy emotional relationship with others and therefore have to live inundesired seclusion.
无疑，家庭在孩子的发展中起着至关重要的作用，因为家庭成员是孩子经常接触的批人。年幼的孩子满足基本需要可以帮助他们建立安全的情感关系，这是他们情感发展的基石。此外，如果注意到许多年轻的违法者都来自破碎的家庭，我们就会知道，一个充满爱心、有教养的家对孩子们来说是多么重要。有情绪缺陷的孩子很容易被引入歧途，陷入反社会罪行。同时，他/她也会发现与他人建立健康的情感关系很困难，因此不得不生活在难受的孤独中。
解析
（1） 本段讨论家庭对小孩发展情感能力的作用。本段先从正面论述，然后从反面论述。
（2） Crucial 关键的
（3） Ensure
（4） Cornerstone 基石；基础
（5） Law-breaker 违法者
（6） Deficient 有缺陷的
（7） To be led astray 被引入歧途
（8） To get involved in... 陷入......
（9） Live in seclusion 生活在孤独中
03
As children grow older, factors outside of home such as teachers, TV, friends, to name only a few, come into play and influence their life. As this is a time for children’s social and intellectual development, these factors become even more important than home. Children rely on their teachers in school for academic progress, their peer classmates for developing social and leadership skills, and various media for forming their world outlook. It is, indeed, reasonable to say that as they grow up, children are moving further and further away from the influence of their parents.
随着孩子年龄的增长，家庭以外的因素，如老师、电视、朋友等等，就会起作用并影响他们的生活。因为这时孩子们处于社会交往和智力发展期间，这些因素甚至比家更重要。孩子们依靠学校的老师来取得学业进步，依靠他们的同学来培养社交和领导技能，依靠各种媒体来形成世界观。的确，可以合理地说，随着孩子的成长，他们越来越远离父母的影响。
解析
（1） 本段讨论随着孩子年龄增大，家庭外的影响越来越重要。本段采用列举论证方法。
（2） To name only a few ......等等
（3） Intellectual 智力的
（4） Peer classmate 同龄的同学
（5） World outlook 世界观
04
To conclude, both parents at home and friends, teachers, and media outside play an important role in children’s development. The family has the greatest influence on children’s emotional development when they are young, and factors outside of home play a greater role in children’s intellectual and social development on their way tomaturity. 总之，家庭内父母与家庭外朋友、老师以及媒体对孩子的发展都起着重要的作用。当孩子年幼时，家庭对他们的情感发展的影响，而在他们走向成熟的过程中，家庭以外的因素对儿童的智力和社会发展起着更大的作用。
解析
（1） 本段总结，并提出自己的观点。
（2） Maturity 成熟
7分范文
The emotional and social development of young children has a direct effect on their future overall development. At different stages in their life, children's development is under the influence of the family members at home as well as teachers, friends, and other factors outside of the home. Family certainly plays a crucial role in children’s development, as family members are the first people that young children have regular contact with. Ensuring that children in the early years have their basic needs met can help them establish secure attachments, which is the cornerstone of their emotional development. Moreover, we will know how important a loving, nurturing home is to children by noting that many young law-breakers are from broken families. An emotionally deficient child may easily be led astray and get involved in antisocial crimes. At the same time, he/she will also find it hard to build healthy emotional relationship with others and therefore have to live in undesired seclusion. As children grow older, factors outside of home such as teachers, TV, friends, to name only a few, come into play and influence their life. As this is a time for children’s social and intellectual development, these factors become even more important than home. Children rely on their teachers in school for academic progress, their peer classmates for developing social and leadership skills, and various media for forming their world outlook. It is, indeed, reasonable to say that as they grow up, children are moving further and further away from the influence of their parents. To conclude, both parents at home and friends, teachers, and media outside play an important role in children’s development. The family has the greatest influence on children’s emotional development when they are young, and factors outside of home play a greater role in children’s intellectual and social development on their way to maturity. (317 words)
建议背诵的句子
1. Ensuring that children in the early years have their basic needs met can help them establish secure attachments, which is the cornerstone of their emotional development.
年幼的孩子满足基本需要可以帮助他们建立安全的情感关系，这是他们情感发展的基石。
2. At the same time, he/she will also find it hard to build healthy emotional relationship with others and therefore have to live in undesired seclusion.
同时，他/她也会发现与他人建立健康的情感关系很困难，因此不得不生活在难受的孤独中。
3. As children grow older, factors outside of home such as teachers, TV, friends, to name only a few, come into play and influence their life.
随着孩子年龄的增长，家庭以外的因素，如老师、电视、朋友等等，就会起作用并影响他们的生活。
4. It is, indeed, reasonable to say that as they grow up, children are moving further and further away from the influence of their parents.
的确，可以合理地说，随着孩子的成长，他们越来越远离父母的影响。
5. The family has the greatest influence on children’s emotional development when they are young, and factors outside of home play a greater role in children’s intellectual and social development on their way to maturity.
当孩子年幼时，家庭对他们的情感发展的影响，而在他们走向成熟的过程中，家庭以外的因素对儿童的智力和社会发展起着更大的作用。
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