would是什么意思?
“would” 是英语中非常常用的情态动词,核心含义和用法多样,具体需结合语境判断,主要用法及含义如下:
1. 表示过去的 “将要” 或 “意愿”
用于描述过去某个时间点 “将要发生的事”,或过去某人 “愿意做某事”,是 will 的过去式。
例句:She said she would visit us the next day.(她说第二天会来看我们。)
例句:He would always help his classmates with their homework.(他过去总是愿意帮同学补习作业。)
2. 表示 “过去常常”
强调过去习惯性的动作或状态,可与 “used to” 替换(但 “used to” 还可接状态动词,“would” 更侧重动作)。
例句:When I was a kid, I would ride my bike to school every morning.(小时候,我每天早上都骑自行车上学。)
3. 表示 “请求、建议”(委婉语气)
用于礼貌地提出请求、询问或给出建议,比 “will” 更客气。
例句:Would you please pass me the salt?(能请你把盐递给我吗?)
例句:Would it be better to start early tomorrow?(明天早点出发会不会更好?)
4. 表示 “推测、可能性”
对现在或过去的情况进行不太确定的推测,语气比 “will” 弱。
例句:This would be the house we’re looking for, I think.(我觉得这应该就是我们要找的房子。)
例句:He would have forgotten the meeting if I hadn’t reminded him.(要是我没提醒他,他大概就忘了开会的事了。)
5. 用于虚拟语气
在非真实条件句、表达 “与事实相反的愿望或假设” 时使用,是虚拟语气的核心结构之一。
对现在的虚拟:If I had more time, I would learn a second language.(要是我有更多时间,我会学一门第二语言。)(实际没时间)
对过去的虚拟:If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.(要是她当初更努力学习,就通过考试了。)(实际没通过)
常见固定搭配
would like to do:想要做某事(= want to do,更礼貌),如 “I would like to order a coffee.”(我想点一杯咖啡。)
would rather do... than do...:宁愿做…… 也不愿做……,如 “I would rather stay at home than go out in the rain.”(我宁愿在家也不愿冒雨出去。)