同学们,最近的瓜吃得开心吗?前有某优质偶像人设崩塌“花田犯错”,后有某带货女王以身试(税)法“救驾来迟”。名人们一个接一个落水,只留下粉丝们的捶胸顿足和闹剧散场后的一地鸡毛。
本文作者介绍
叶智达David
新航道托福阅读、托福写作,雅思写作主讲。华中师范大学英语口译专业硕士,TESOL国际教师资格证书
看完作者介绍吃瓜之余,让我们一起来看一道名人相关的托福写作话题:
你同意还是不同意?名人应该成为普通民众的道德榜样。
Do you agree or disagree? Celebrities should become moral role models for general public.
众所周知,即便看上去再理所当然的观点,也可能会有人提出异议,那么为了让托福写作中的说理逻辑更具有说服力,我们就会在让步段中先兼顾反方观点,然后加以反驳,用这种“以退为进”的方式来进一步支持本方的观点。
让步段的结构我们通常会分为三个部分:
① 反方立场 ② 支持反方立场的一个原因 ③ 对上述原因进行反驳
接下来让我们来看看某(前)直播带货女王,在我们对这个行业的从业者能在“短短的时间内赚亿点点钱”表示实名羡慕(正方立场)的时候,展现出的人间清醒: 下面我来整理部分热心网友的评论,而这也正好对应了我们在让步段中可以进行反驳的方向:
(咱就是说,真没想到她竟然选了c......)
①Admittedly, I am not denying that/some people might say反方立场 + 支持反方立场的一个原因 ②However, 对上述原因进行反驳(三选一): a. 换个角度看问题:However, if we look at the problem/phenomenon from a different angle, a favorable/negative side of it can be found:... b. 问题是次要的:However, on balance, the issues above seem to be minor factors in comparison with ... because ... c. 提出解决方案:However, as long as I (we, government, society) ..., the problems above will be perfectly solved. 以直播带货的话题为例,我们的让步段就可以写成: Admittedly, some top live-stream salesperson might say live-stream sales is not as ideal a profession as it seems (反方立场) because a considerable part of these people are undergoing too many stresses and strains and don’t even have the time for enjoying meals with their families (支持反方立场的一个原因). However, as long as they quit the job, the problems above will be perfectly solved (对上述原因进行反驳).
那么我们再回到“名人是否应该成为道德模范”这个话题上,按照“同意”的角度,让步段的内容我们可以进行如下的安排:
Admittedly, some people might argue that it is unnecessary for celebrities to become moral role models for the reason that celebrities gained their prominence for their professionalism in their their domain rather than nobleness in morals. However, if we look at the discussion from a different angle, a negative side of it can be found: misconduct of celebrities could negatively influence their admirers, especially those undergoing their formative years of moral values, which could contribute to the percolating of undesirable behaviors in the society.
在这个话题上,除了换个角度看问题之外,你还有哪些反驳的思路呢?